INGDG

ChatGPT-User (OpenAI)

Fetches on user request · Current version 1.0

What it is

ChatGPT-User visits a web page when someone asks ChatGPT or a custom GPT a question, and when GPT Actions call external applications. OpenAI says it does not crawl the web automatically and does not decide whether your content appears in ChatGPT search — that is OAI-SearchBot’s job.

Official documentation: developers.openai.com · checked 13 Nov 2026

ChatGPT-User user agent

Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; ChatGPT-User/1.0; +https://openai.com/bot

Official documentation: developers.openai.com/api/docs/bots · checked 13 Nov 2026

Block or allow ChatGPT-User in robots.txt

Put these lines at the top of the robots.txt file in your site’s root (example.com/robots.txt). Each subdomain needs its own file.

Block ChatGPT-User from the whole site
User-agent: ChatGPT-User
Disallow: /
Block OpenAI’s training, stay in its search
User-agent: GPTBot
Disallow: /

Closes GPTBot. OAI-SearchBot, ChatGPT-User stay under your general rules, so your pages can still appear in answers and results.

Allow ChatGPT-User
User-agent: ChatGPT-User
Allow: /
# repeat here the Disallow lines of your User-agent: * group

If ChatGPT-User is not named in robots.txt, it already follows your User-agent: * rules, so you don’t need anything. A group of its own replaces the * group for this bot entirely: if you add one, repeat your general Disallow lines in it.

ChatGPT-User IP ranges

openai.com/chatgpt-user.json

Official list: 237 ranges · published by the owner 6 Nov 2026 · we checked it 13 Nov 2026

Check an IP from your logs

Show all 237
  • 4.151.71.176/28
  • 4.151.119.48/28
  • 4.189.118.208/28
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  • 9.129.0.0/16
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  • 191.237.249.64/28

Does it respect robots.txt and Crawl-delay?

robots.txt: not always. ChatGPT-User fetches pages on a user’s request, and its owner says robots.txt rules may not apply.

“Because these actions are initiated by a user, robots.txt rules may not apply.” — OpenAI documentation

Crawl-delay: the owner’s documentation does not mention it for ChatGPT-User, so don’t rely on it.

Should you block ChatGPT-User?

Usually no. ChatGPT-User opens a page only when a person asks OpenAI’s assistant about it, and the answer can link back to you. Blocking it means the assistant cannot read your page for that person.

Check your site

See whether your robots.txt and firewall let ChatGPT-User in — together with every other AI bot in this directory. Free, no sign-up.

Other OpenAI bots

Questions

What is the ChatGPT-User user agent string?+

OpenAI documents it as: Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; ChatGPT-User/1.0; +https://openai.com/bot

How do I block ChatGPT-User in robots.txt?+

Add a group for it to robots.txt in your site’s root: “User-agent: ChatGPT-User” followed by “Disallow: /”.

What IP addresses does ChatGPT-User use?+

OpenAI publishes 237 ranges at https://openai.com/chatgpt-user.json. Requests that call themselves ChatGPT-User from other addresses are most likely fake.

Does ChatGPT-User respect robots.txt?+

robots.txt: not always. ChatGPT-User fetches pages on a user’s request, and its owner says robots.txt rules may not apply.

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